Partial resistance factors of class 4 steel elements

Categorical Logic with Partial Elements

Associations as First-class Elements

Models in general and class diagrams as defined by the UML in particular play an important role throughout all steps of modern software development. However, the UML contains several modeling concepts which are not defined precisely and hence are used either rarely or in varying ways and with different semantics. In this article, an extension of n-ary associations as one of those concepts is pr...

Behavior of Vertical Boundary Elements in Steel Plate Shear Walls

The AISC Seismic Provisions and CSA S-16 Standard require a minimum moment of inertia for the vertical boundary elements (VBEs) in steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) to avoid undesirable VBE behaviors. The equation limiting VBE flexibility has been derived from a flexibility factor, ωt, developed in plate girder theory and the limit on VBE flexibility has been empirically specified based on previo...

Optimisation of Steel Production Incorporating Economic Factors

Over the last four years efforts have been devoted towards the development and validation of mechanical test result models relating to a range of alloy steels. Several neural-network based models have been developed, two of which are related to the mechanical test results of Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), Reduction of Area (ROA), Elongation, etc. The ultimate aim of developing these models is...

Isolation and characterization of Phi class glutathione transferase partial gene from Iranian barley

Glutathione transferases are multifunctional proteins involved in several diverse intracellular events such as primary and secondary metabolisms, signaling and stress metabolism. These enzymes have been subdivided into eight classes in plants. The Phi class, being plant specific, is the most represented. In the present study, based on the sequences available at GenBank, different primers were d...